Purpose: to study the influence of long-term irrigation with drip systems of garden plantings on the hydro-physical and physical-chemical soil properties.
Materials and methods. Field research is planned on the lands of LLC Orchard-Production Cooperative “Progress”, Rostov region, on a pilot plot of a fruit-bearing apple orchard with a planting pattern of 5.0 × 3.0 m at the age of 12 years, growing without a trellis system. On the experimental site, a two-line irrigation module was implemented on two rows of fruit crops, each 24 m long. The parameters of the irrigation module are scientifically substantiated using a previously developed methodology, taking into account the climatic, technological and phenological conditions of the experimental site.
Results. A research program as well as the composition and planned volume of field research at the experimental site has been developed. At the first stage, soil surveys provided for in the research program were carried out. Based on the exchangeable sodium ion content in the soil absorption complex, the soils of the non-irrigated area are non-solonetzic, while those of the irrigated area are classified as slightly solonetzic. The aggregate state of soil is characterized as good. If soils are evaluated according to the dispersion ratio, then they have satisfactory microstructure, and according to the degree of aggregation, they have low microaggregation. The content of water-resistant aggregates is assessed as insufficiently satisfactory. The content of nitrogen, available phosphorus and humus is characterized as very low.
Conclusions. As a result of studies at this stage, no significant effect of long-term drip irrigation on the degree of salinity, pH of the water extract, or the content of toxic alkalinity in the zone of soil drip moistening was revealed. It has been determined that the soils of the experimental plot are in satisfactory condition and are suitable for the implementation of the developed program of field research of a two-line irrigation module of a drip irrigation system for orchards.
drip irrigation, irrigation module, orchard, hydro-physical characteristics, physical-chemical characteristics, soil surveys
Selitskiy S. A., Shtanko A. S. The influence of drip irrigation of orchards on changes in soil properties. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2023;91(3):218–227. (In Russ.).
1. Federal'naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoy statistiki [Federal State Statistics Service], available: https:rosstat.gov.ru/ [accessed 23.08.2023]. (In Russian).
2. Dubovitsky A.A., Klimentova E.A., Grigorieva L.V., 2022. Analiz sovremennogo sostoyaniya otrasli sadovodstva v Rossii i perspektivy razvitiya na osnove realizatsii rynochnogo potentsiala [Analysis of the current state of the horticulture industry in Russia and prospects for further development due to market potential implementation]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Voronezh State Agrarian University], vol. 15, no. 4(75), pp. 124-138, DOI: 10.53914/issn2071-2243_2022_4_124. (In Russian).
3. Belova I.V., 2018. Gosudarstvennaya podderzhka razvitiya sadovodstva i pitomnikovodstva v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [State support for the development of horticulture and nursery management in the Russian Federation]. Sadovodstvo i vinogradarstvo [Horticulture and Viticulture], no. 2, pp. 13-20. (In Russian).
4. Boronina N.Yu., Myagkiy P.A., Tatarintsev V.L., Tatarintsev L.M., 2018. Vliyanie orosheniya na granulometriyu agropochv [The influence of irrigation on particle-size of agricultural soils]. Vestnik AGAU [Vestnik AGAU], no. 8(166), pp. 52-58. (In Russian).
5. Shtanko A.S., Shkura V.N., 2022. Sposob kapel'nogo poliva plodovogo sada i ustroystvo dlya yego realizatsii [A Method of Drip Irrigation of an Orchard and a Device for Its Implementation]. Patent RF, no. 2787055. (In Russian).
6. Babichev A.N., Dokuchaeva L.M., Yurkova R.E., 2023. [Features of changes in the reclamation state and soil fertility by regular irrigation and in the post-reclamation period of lands in the southern Russian lands]. Melioratsiya i gidrotekhnika, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 168-185, available: http:www.rosniipm-sm.ru/article?n=1361 [accessed 23.08.2023], DOI: 10.31774/2712-9357-2023-13-2-168-185. (In Russian).
7. Shchedrin V.N., Balakai G.T., Dokuchaeva L.M., Yurkova R.E., Shalashova O.Yu., Tabala G.I., 2017. Rukovodstvo po kontrolyu i regulirovaniyu pochvennogo plodorodiya oroshaemykh zemel [Guidance on the Control and Regulation of Soil Fertility of Irrigated Lands]. Novocherkassk, RosNIIPM, 137 p. (In Russian).
