Purpose: to study the influence of soil moisture availability on the growth, development, yield and length of the cotton growing period in Rostov region.
Materials and methods. The studies were conducted in 2023–2024 on ordinary chernozems in Oktyabrsky district Rostov region. Irrigation was carried out by drip irrigation. Experimental design was: option 1 – no irrigation; option 2 – control, calculated irrigation rate of 1 m (maintaining soil moisture in the 0.6 m layer not lower than 80 % of the minimum water capacity lowest moisture capacity from germination to the beginning of ripening); option 3 – 0.8 m (decrease in irrigation rate by 20 % from 1 m); option 4 – 0.6 m (decrease in irrigation rate by 40 % from 1 m); option 5 – 1.2 m (increase in irrigation rate by 20 % from 1 m). The PGSSH 1 cotton variety was sown.
Results. The length of the growing period over the years of research was determined depending on the soil moisture level. The longest growing period length was noted with an increase in the irrigation rate by 20 % of the control – 157 and 141 days, respectively, in the moderately dry 2023 and very dry 2024. The indicators of the dynamics of linear growth, increase in leaf-area duration and dry mass accumulation were determined depending on the soil moisture level.
Conclusions. The growing season length was affected by climatic conditions and soil moisture levels during cotton cultivation. The longest growing season was observed in the moderately dry 2024 and amounted to 140–157 days, which is 14–16 days longer than in the very dry 2023. An increase in the growing season was noted at an increase in the irrigation rate by 20 % of the control – by two days in 2023 and four days in 2024.
cotton, growing season, yield, irrigation, linear growth, leaf surface area, sum of active temperatures
Selitsky S. A., Yurkova R. Ye. The influence of irrigation on cotton vegetation length during cultivation in the Rostov region. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2025;95(1):28–40. (In Russ.).
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