Purpose: to study the impact of chemical ameliorants (phosphogypsum and steel etching electrolyte) doses on the degree of salinity and the soil absorption complex composition with different gypsum contents and to obtain an equation for calculating the ameliorant dose depending on the gypsum content in the soil.
Materials and methods. The studies were conducted on soils with different chemism, different degrees of salinity and solonetzism, different gypsum contents based on the results of a soil-reclamation survey of the rice system in the Central irrigated zone of Rostov region.
Results. It was found that the best results in the form of eliminating magnesium solonetzism in soils from checks 2 and 4 were obtained with the variant with the application of phosphogypsum n a dose of 30 t/ha: the amount of exchangeable magnesium decreased by 12–13 % due to its displacement by exchangeable calcium, the content of which reached optimal values. On the same soils with the application of steel etching electrolyte in different doses, the decrease in the amount of magnesium varied from 4 to 8 %. The greatest decrease in salinity of medium-gypsum soils from check 8 was revealed in variants with the application of steel etching electrolyte in a dose of 42 t/ha in combination with washing and joint application of phosphogypsum (15 t/ha) and steel etching electrolyte (21 t/ha) (by 17 and 16 %, respectively). The application of only phosphogypsum in different doses had a lesser effect on this indicator – from 4 to 7 %. No changes in the soil absorption complex were found on these soils. Using the research data, equations that allow calculating the ameliorant doses that contribute to the optimization of the soil absorption complex were obtained.
Conclusions. The application of phosphogypsum and steel etching electrolyte in various doses for soils with magnesium solonetzic content optimized the soil absorption complex composition. The application of chemical ameliorants in combination with leaching on gypseous soils slightly reduced the degree of salinity and gypsum content – the soils remained in the category of moderately gypsumed.
salinization chemism, salt composition of soil, soil chemical properties, chemical reclamation, gypseous soils
Babenko A. A., Babichev A. N. Impact of chemical ameliorant doses on the degree of salinity and soil absorption complex composition. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2025;95(1):265–281. (In Russ.).
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