Purpose: approbation of the technological process of soybean cultivation and software for calculating the time of soybean irrigation developed at Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems at Niva ZAO, Veselovsky district, Rostov region.
Materials and methods. The crop under study was grown according to the developed algorithms for the technological process of soybean cultivation for a specific field, taking into account the predecessor, the method of soil preparation, soil fertility and the presence of nutrients in it, the irrigation method and the prevailing specific agroclimatic conditions. The time of irrigation was calculated by three methods: 1) control of moisture reserves in the calculated soil layer by thermostat-weight method; 2) by sensors installed in the field with IrriMAX Live software from Sentek; 3) calculation based on meteorological parameters using a computer program developed by the Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems. Observations of the soybean growth and development and the records were carried out according to generally accepted methods.
Results. The soybean cultivation technology developed at the Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems was transformed into a technological process algorithm that was implemented at Niva ZAO. The agricultural enterprise carried out all elements of the technology at the scheduled time and with high quality. The time of irrigation was determined by the moisture reserves in the 0.8 m soil layer using the three methods indicated above.
Conclusions. As a result of the implementation of the algorithm for the soybean cultivation technological process a high yield was obtained – 3.69 t/ha of seeds, which is higher than the conventional yield of 3.5 t/ha. All three methods for determining moisture reserves in the soil and irrigation time showed high convergence of calculated indicators and can be used in agricultural enterprises of Rostov region.
soybean, methods for determining irrigation time, moisture reserves, time of irrigation, cultivation technology, technological process algorithm, yield
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