Purpose: to study the effect of different levels of mineral nutrition on the Biryuchekutskaya 415 variety carrot yield.
Materials and methods. Field experiments were carried out in 2021–2023 on the irrigated lands of the Azov natural and agricultural zone of Rostov region. The soil of the experimental plot is represented by ordinary light loamy chernozem with a humus content of 3.8 % in the arable horizon. Fertilizers were applied for the main tillage in autumn, for pre-sowing tillage in spring, and also during the carrot growing season in the form of fertilizing. The following fertilizers were used: double superphosphate, monopotassium phosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and water-soluble fertilizers from the Buy chemical plant.
Results. As a result of the research, it was found that the average carrot yield for three years in the variant without fertilizers was the lowest and amounted to 29.3 t/ha. The carrot yield in the variant with fertilizer application at a rate of N100P70K90 was 45.6 t/ha. Increasing the mineral fertilizer rate led to an increase in yield of root crops from 45.6 to 69.0 t/ha, depending on the option. The total water consumption for carrot crops during the growing season varied from 3670 to 4120 m³/ha, depending on the rate of fertilizer applied.
Conclusions. During the research, the heavy response of carrots to the mineral fertilizers application was determined when cultivating them on irrigated lands. The highest yield of root crops on average over three years of 69 t/ha was obtained when applying fertilizers at N130P70K160 rate. The yield increase from the fertilizer application was 16.3–39.7 t/ha, or 56–135 %. The maximum water consumption coefficient of 125 m³/t was recorded in the control option, and the minimum of 59 m³/t in the option with the highest fertilizers N130P70K160 rate.
carrots, mineral fertilizers, water consumption, irrigation, yield, water-soluble fertilizers, fertigation
Babichev A. N., Efimov D. S., Babenko A. A. Impact of mineral nutrition on carrot yield under irrigation in Rostov region. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2024;92(1):44–56. (In Russ.).
1. Tusaint F., Zaitseva N.A., Klimova I.I., Zaitsev S.V., 2020. Stolovaya morkov' na Nizhnem Povolzh'ye [Table carrot in the Lower Volga region]. Aktual'nye voprosy sovremennoy nauki i obrazovaniya: sb. st. mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticherskoy konferentsii [Current Issues of Modern Science and Education: Collection of Articles of International Scientific-Practical Conference]. In 2 parts, pt. 1, Penza, pp. 112-114, EDN: JBYSCL. (In Russian).
2. Babichev A.N., Rubtsov A.A., Babenko A.A., 2021. Differentsirovannoe kapel'noe oroshenie na posevakh morkovi [Differentiated drip irrigation of carrot crops]. Puti povysheniya effektivnosti oroshaemogo zemledeliya [Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture], no. 4(84), pp. 100-105, EDN: BTAWVB. (In Russian).
3. Kruzhilin K.Yu., 2018. Morkov' – vchera, segodnya, zavtra [Carrots – yesterday, today, tomorrow]. APK News, no. 4, pp. 22-23, EDN: XNEUBF. (In Russian).
4. Rubatsky V.E., Kiros K.F., Seymon F.V., 2007. Morkov i drugie ovoshchnye kultury semeystva zontichnykh: monografiya [Carrots and Related Vegetable Umbelliferae: monograph]. Moscow, Partnership of Scientific Editions KMK, 388 p., EDN: QKYNFV. (In Russian).
5. Chudaykina A.V., Baryshnikova N.I., 2019. Pol'za morkovi dlya organizma cheloveka [The benefits of carrots for the human body]. Kachestvo produktsii, tekhnologiy i obrazovaniya: materialy XIV Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. [Quality of Products, Technologies and Education: Proc. of the XIV International Scientific-Practical Conference]. Magnitogorsk, pp. 121-122, EDN: AWXUXU. (In Russian).
6. Masny R.S., Vasilyev S.M., Babichev A.N., Gurina I.V., Monastyrsky V.A., Olgarenko V.Ig., Babenko A.A., 2021. Rekomendatsii po tekhnologii vozdelyvaniya morkovi na oroshaemykh zemlyakh Rostovskoy oblasti [Recommendations for the Technology of Carrots Cultivation on Irrigated Lands in Rostov region]. Novocherkassk, 14 p., EDN: AUNCGT. (In Russian).
7. Alkin A.A., 2020. Posledeystvie diatomita i navoza na obshchuyu poristost' i poristost' aeratsii chernozema vyshchelochennogo v agrotsenoze morkovi [Aftereffect of diatomite and manure on the general porosity and aeration porosity of chernozem leached in carrot agrocenosis]. Studencheskaya nauka – vzglyad v budushchee: materialy ХV Vserossiyskoy studenchskoy nauchoy konferentsii [Student Science – a Look into the Future: Proc. of the XV All-Russian Student Scientific Conference]. Krasnoyarsk, pp. 101-103, EDN: RGTECJ. (In Russian).
8. Mikheev N.V., Golovachev D.E., 2018. Osobennosti vozdelyvaniya morkovi na oroshaemykh zemlyakh Rostovskoy oblasti [Peculiarities of carrot cultivation on irrigated lands of Rostov region]. Melioratsiya i vodnoe khozyaystvo: materialy Vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (Shumakovskie chteniya) s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem [Land Reclamation and Water Management: Proc. of the All-Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (Shumakov readings) with the International Participation]. Novocherkassk, pp. 73-77, EDN: YUCHRR. (In Russian).
9. Babichev A.N., Babenko A.A., Vasilyev S.M., Masny R.S., 2021. Tekhnologii vozdelyvaniya sel'skokhozyaystvennykh kul'tur na oroshenii: nauchno-praktocheskoe izdanie [Technologies for Cultivating Agricultural Crops Using Irrigation: Scientific and Practical Edition]. Moscow, Rosinformagrotekh, 200 p., EDN: MXGGEA. (In Russian).
10. Ivanchenko T.V., 2019. Azotnoe pitanie pri vyrashchivanii morkovi [Nitrogen nutrition when growing carrots]. Fermer. Povolzh'e [Farmer. The Volga Region], no. 1(76), pp. 58-61, EDN: YXGIRF. (In Russian).
11. Dubenok N.N., Penkova R.I., 2023. Faktory effektivnogo ispol'zovaniya vodnykh resursov pri kapel'nom oroshenii morkovi v usloviyakh Nizhnego Povolzh'ya [Factors of efficient use of water resources during drip irrigation of carrots in the conditions of the Lower Volga region]. Prirodoobustroystvo [Environmental Engineering], no. 3, pp. 23-30, https:doi.org/10.26897/1997-6011-2023-3-23-30. (In Russian).
12. Abdullaev Kh.F., Abdullaev M., 2021. Kapel'noe oroshenie i yego tekhnologicheskie elementy [Drip irrigation and its technological elements]. Sovremennye nauchnye issledovaniya i innovatsii [Modern Scientific Research and Innovations], no. 8, available: https:web.snauka.ru/issues/2021/08/96362 [accessed 11.01.2024], EDN: HHMAEE. (In Russian).
13. Khrustalev Yu.P. [et al.], 2002. Klimat i agroklimaticheskie resursy Rostovskoy oblasti [Climate and Agroclimatic Resources of Rostov Region]. Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Don, Bataysk Book Publ., 183 p. (In Russian).
14. Klimenko A.I. [et al.], 2022. Zonal'nye sistemy zemledeliya Rostovskoy oblasti na 2022–2026 gody [Zonal Farming Systems of Rostov Region for 2022–2026]. Ministry of Agriculture of Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, 736 p., EDN: GHQGWS. (In Russian).
15. Kulygin V.A., 2016. Vliyanie urovney mineral'nogo pitaniya na produktivnost' korneplodnykh kul'tur v usloviyakh orosheniya [Influence of mineral nutrition levels on productivity of root crops under irrigation]. Puti povysheniya effektivnosti oroshaemogo zemledeliya [Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture], no. 4(64), pp. 115-120, EDN: XBSVTR. (In Russian).
16. Borisov V.A., Vasyuchkov I.Yu., Kolomiets A.A., Uspenskaya O.N., Kornev A.V., 2018. Diagnostika mineral'nogo pitaniya morkovi na poymennykh pochvakh Nechernozemnoy zony [Diagnostics of mineral nutrition of carrots on floodplain soils of the Non-chernozem zone]. Kartofel' i ovoshchi [Potatoes and Vegetables], no. 9, pp. 17-18, DOI: 10.25630/PAV.2018.9.18326, EDN: YLHTQL. (In Russian).
