Purpose: to study the productivity of varieties and hybrids of open ground tomatoes using the seedling cultivation method on reclaimed lands.
Materials and methods. The research was carried out at the experimental plot of the Crimean branch of the Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems according to well-known recommendations. The productivity of eight varieties and three hybrids of tomatoes was studied. The soil of the site is foothill residual carbonate chernozem. An analysis of the climatic conditions of the growing season showed that the average daily air temperature was within normal limits, precipitation was 2 times less than the long-term annual average and relative air humidity was slightly higher than normal.
Results and discussion. The seedlings were planted in the first ten days of May 2023. Drip irrigation was carried out. Mineral fertilizers calculated for the planned yield were applied. Among fast growing and early-ripening tomatoes, the best growth rates were observed in the Babai variety plants. In the mid-ripening tomatoes Rozovaya Lyana, Pink Flamingo, Gina TST and Adelina, the linear growth averaged 26.3 in the initial period; 19.6; 22.7 and 16.9 cm, by the end of the growing season – 65.5; 44.9; 54.3 and 41.3 cm respectively. The linear growth of hybrids Pink Plum F1, Cherfield F1 and Rosie Heath F1 at the beginning of the growing season averaged 28.9; 16.9 and 21.5 cm, by the end of the growing season – 65.2; 36.9 and 57.8 cm respectively. The duration of growth periods and development in plants varied due to their biological characteristics. Among early-ripening varieties, the best productivity indicators were obtained from the Babai tomato, among mid-ripening varieties – from the Gina TST variety, and among hybrids – from Rosie Heath F1 and Pink Plum F1.
Conclusions. To obtain sustainable yields of open ground tomatoes, along with the irrigation regime, fertilization system, soil preparation, care work, etc., it is important to cultivate highly productive varieties and hybrids. The results obtained are not final; research will be continued.
tomatoes, productivity, drip irrigation, irrigation regime, watering rate, irrigation rate, linear growth, phenological phase
Balakay G. T., Gurina I. V., Tagirov F. G. Productivity of open ground tomatoes with seedling cultivation method. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2024;92(1):57–70. (In Russ.).
1. Tutova T.N., Nesmelova L.A., 2022. Analiz mirovogo proizvodstva ovoshchnykh kul'tur [Analysis of world production of vegetable crops]. Vestnik Izhevskoy gosudarstvennoy sel'skokhozyaystvennoy akademii [Bulletin of Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy], no. 4(72), pp. 41-49, https:doi.org/10.48012/1817-5457_2022_4_41-49, EDN: WWIPZM. (In Russian).
2. Bondarev N.S., Bondareva G.S., Khazieva E.E., 2020. Analiticheskoe issledovanie potrebleniya ovoshchey v regionakh Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Analytical study of vegetable consumption in the regions of the Russian Federation]. Vestnik agrarnoy nauki [Bulletin of Agrarian Science], no. 3(84), pp. 83-92, DOI: 10.17238/issn2587-666X.2020.3.83, EDN: MNORHI. (In Russian).
3. Soldatenko A.V., Razin A.F., Pivovarov V.F., Shatilov M.V., Ivanova M.I., Rossinskaya O.V., Razin O.A., 2019. Ovoshchi v sisteme obespecheniya prodovol'stvennoy bezopasnosti Rossii [Vegetables in the system of ensuring food security in Russia]. Ovoshchi Rossii [Vegetable Crops of Russia], no. 2, pp. 9-15, https:doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2019-2-9-15, EDN: EDFNYR. (In Russian).
4. Gish R.A., 2021. Ovoshchevodstvo otkrytogo grunta yuga Rossii. Sostoyanie i tendentsii razvitiya [Vegetable growing of open ground in the south of Russia. State and development trends]. Ovoshchi Rossii [Vegetable Crops of Russia], no. 4, pp. 5-10, DOI: 10.18619/2072-9146-2021-4-5-10, EDN: HKCMCA. (In Russian).
5. Gurina I.V., Solodovnikov A.P., Denisov K.E., 2023. [Water-saving experience during irrigation of vegetable crops of open ground]. Melioratsiya i gidrotekhnika, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 39-54, available: https:rosniipm-sm.ru/article?n=1354 [accessed 15.02.2024], DOI: 10.31774/2712-9357-2023-13-2-39-54, EDN: JBPEYN. (In Russian).
6. Filippova V.A., 2018. Perspektivy razvitiya ovoshchevodstva otkrytogo grunta v Rossii [Prospects for the development of open ground vegetable growing in Russia]. Yevraziyskoe nauchnoe ob"edinenie [Eurasian Scientific Association], no. 12-4(46), pp. 279-280, EDN: YTUCMX. (In Russian).
7. Butov I.S., 2023. Ovoshchevodstvo v Rossii: itogi 2022 goda [Vegetable growing in Russia: Results of 2022]. Kartofel' i ovoshchi [Potatoes and Vegetables], no. 5, pp. 3-6. (In Russian).
8. Soldatenko A.V., Pivovarov V.F., Razin A.F., Shatilov M.V., Razin O.A., Rossinskaya O.V., Bashkirov O.V., 2019. Problemy proizvodstva konkurentnoy ovoshchnoy produktsii [Problems of production of competitive vegetable products]. Ovoshchi Rossii [Vegetable Crops of Russia], no. 1, pp. 3-7, https:doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2019-1-3-7, EDN: HEWHWK. (In Russian).
9. Aisanov T.S., Selivanova M.V., Romanenko E.S., Sosyura E.A., Nudnova A.F., Esaulko N.A., 2017. Vliyanie mineral'nykh udobreniy na urozhaynost' gibridov tomata v usloviyakh otkrytogo grunta Stavropol'skoy vozvyshennosti [The influence of mineral fertilizers on the yield of tomato hybrids in open ground conditions of the Stavropol Upland]. Effektivnoe rastenievodstvo [Effective Crop Production], no. 4, pp. 50-51, EDN: YPDOHV. (In Russian).
10. Dospehov B.A., 2014. Metodika polevogo opyta s osnovami statisticheskoy obrabotki rezul'tatov issledovaniy [Methodology of Field Experiment with the Basics of Statistical Processing of Research Results]. Moscow, Alliance Publ., 351 p. (In Russian).
11. Shevchenko P.D., Olgarenko G.V., Ivanova N.A., 2001. Prakticheskoe rukovodstvo po metodike provedeniya opytov na stepnykh agrolandshaftakh [Practical Guidance on the Methods of Conducting Experiments on Steppe Agrolandscapes]. Novocherkassk, 114 p., EDN: SCMPCZ. (In Russian).
12. Pleshakov V.N., 1983. Metodika polevogo opyta v usloviyakh orosheniya: rekomendatsii [Methodology of Field Experience in Irrigation: recommendations]. Volgograd, VNIIOZ, 149 p. (In Russian).
