Purpose: to assess species diversity, structure and bioecological potential of phytocenoses of sandy pastures. The research is relevant for strategic planning of adaptive fodder production on sandy lands.
Materials and methods. The objects of research are pasture ecosystems of the European territory of Russia on the sparsely overgrown hilly-ridge sands of the second floodplain terrace (the Ilovlinsky sand massif, Volgograd region). The assessment of the plant biodiversity of the sandy massif was carried out on the data obtained as a result of a geobotanical survey, which included species, age characteristics, productivity, and the structure of phytocenoses.
Results. In the late spring of 2023, the grass yield reached 0.33–2.7 t/ha on sparsely overgrown sands, depending on the species composition of phytocenoses and the length of stand and in summer it was 2.1–4.2 t/ha. Due to unfavorable living conditions, the flora is dominated by perennials (up to 80 % of the total number of species). The main ratio in the phytocenoses composition belongs to the rhizomatous and rhizomatous-loose-turf species, which adapt to the moving substrate, forming shoots or adventitious roots on the roots. The dominant ones are cereal and wormwood-grass communities.
Conclusions. In the spring of 2023, 107 species from 22 families were identified on the sparsely overgrown hilly-ridge sands of the second floodplain terrace of the sand massif, and in the summer – 127 species from 25 families. The families Asteraceae and Poaceae are distinguished by the largest number of species found, which occupy 27.1 and 19.6 % in the phytocomplexes in spring, and 25.2 and 18.1 % in summer, respectively. The share of representatives of the Fabaceae family in phytocomplexes was 7.5–7.9 %. During the period from spring to summer, an increase in the share of the families Apiaceae, Boraginaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Scrophulariaceae in the phytocomplexes was observed, as well as the appearance of species of the families Convolvulaceae, Crassulaceae, Dipsacaceae, Zygophyllaceae.
sand massifs, community structure, yield, dominants
Vlasenko M. V. Bioecological potential of sandy pastures. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2024;92(1):71–86. (In Russ.).
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