Purpose: to determine rational standards for the mineral fertilizers application when planting table vineyard plantations under irrigation in the Republic of Crimea.
Materials and methods. Research on young vineyard plantations was carried out in the Pavlovka village Belogorsk district of the Republic of Crimea. The establishment of field experiments and observations were carried out using generally accepted methods for setting up and conducting experiments in viticulture.
Results. As a result of the research, scientifically based requirements for planting young vineyards were determined. It has been found that the choice for using vineyards should be made depending on the type of soil. Thus, for table vineyard varieties, the best soils in terms of mechanical texture are loamy. Under the conditions of the Republic of Crimea, these soils are predominant and distributed in the foothills and flat parts of the peninsula. In the steppe zone of Crimea, the optimal planting pattern is considered to be 2.5–3 × 1.5–2 m. With intensive use of vineyard plantations, the planting pattern can be changed to 1.5–2 × 1.0–1.5 m. Before planting table grape cuttings, it is recommended to apply 2–5 kg of organic fertilizers for each bush, which corresponds to 2–10 t/ha, and mineral fertilizers should be applied at the rate of N₂˗₅P₅˗₂₀K₅˗₁₀ per 1 ha. If starting doses of mineral and organic fertilizers were not applied, then fertilizers must be applied with dressings. The best effect from applying mineral fertilizers with drip irrigation is obtained through fertigation. The concentration of the irrigation solution should not exceed 0.3 %.
Conclusions. Rational application norms for mineral fertilizers during drip irrigation in the steppe and foothill zones of the Republic of Crimea, according to the results of our research, are N₈₀P₆₀K₆₀; exceeding and lowering norms has little impact on the productivity of young table grape plantations.
table grapes, mineral fertilizers, drip irrigation, young grape plantations, productivity index
Babichev A. N., Babenko A. A. Mineral fertilizer application during the young vineyard plantation formation under drip irrigation in the Republic of Crimea. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2024;92(1):87–98. (In Russ.).
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