Purpose: to carry out an environmental assessment of the qualitative composition of drainage water discharged from irrigation systems located in the eastern part of the Rostov region. To achieve this, the following tasks were solved: indicators whose actual concentrations exceed the maximum acceptable concentrations of pollutants adopted for objects of fishery importance; they were compared were identified with the corresponding indicators in water bodies – drainage water intakes.
Materials and methods. The initial data for the research were the results of hydrochemical analysis of samples of drainage water and water from natural water bodies provided by the hydrogeological and reclamation party.
Results. The qualitative composition of drainage water from irrigated lands in the eastern part of the Rostov region has wide variability, however, indicators such as pH, bicarbonate, carbonate, nitrite and nitrate ions, ammonium, copper, chromium ions, phosphorus phosphates, zinc, suspended substances, petroleum products, surfactants, herbicides and insecticides do not exceed the maximum acceptable concentrations of pollutants adopted for objects of fishery importance; the concentration of sulfates and calcium in collector-drainage waters is almost always higher than in samples taken at a site located 500 m above their outlet (background site). The concentration of chlorides and magnesium at the outlet site is regularly lower than the corresponding concentrations in samples taken at the background site. The indicator of biochemical oxygen consumption at the drainage water release site in all months except June is less than the standard value, and in June, although it exceeds it, it is less than at the background site.
Conclusions. It is necessary to continue research in this direction to justify the legitimacy of regional adjustments to a number of standards for maximum acceptable concentrations of substances in accordance with their background concentrations, which will allow land reclamation and agricultural water supply departments reduce fees for negative impacts on water bodies and eliminate payments for damage caused to water bodies due to violation of water legislation.
drainage water, irrigation systems, quality indicators of drainage water, negative impact on the environment
Vlasov M. V. Assessment of drainage water quality of irrigated lands in the eastern part of the Rostov region. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2024;92(1):175–186. (In Russ.).
1. Pukalo P.Ya., Bazaeva A.V., Bespaly A.V., Panchishny M.A., 2020. Vliyanie antropogennykh faktorov na vodnye ekosistemy [The influence of anthropogenic factors on aquatic ecosystems]. Zhivotnovodstvo i veterinarnaya meditsina [Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine], no. 3(38), pp. 33-36, EDN: QYEEYR. (In Russian).
2. Zalicheva I.N., Ganina V.S., 2013. Zonal'nye faktory ustoychivosti presnovodnykh ekosistem k antropogennomu zagryazneniyu [Zonal factors of freshwater ecosystems’ resistance to anthropogenic pollution]. Uchenye zapiski Petrozavodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Scientific Notes of Petrozavodsk State University], no. 4(133), pp. 14-19, EDN: QSWIQT. (In Russian).
3. Evtushenko N.Yu., Khizhnyak M.I., 2013. Ekologicheskoe sostoyanie vodoemov rybokhozyaystvennogo naznacheniya [Ecological state of reservoirs for fishing]. Biologicheskiy vestnik Melitopol'skogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta imeni Bogdana Khmel'nitskogo [Biological Bulletin of Melitopol State Pedagogical University named after Bohdan Khmelnytsky], no. 3(9), pp. 222-237, DOI: 10.7905/bbmspu.v0i3(6).544, EDN: RYCUZV. (In Russian).
4. Durnikin D.A., 2010. Vliyanie prirodnykh i antropogennykh faktorov na gidrofil'nuyu floru vodnykh ekosistem yuga Ob'-Irtyshskogo mezhdurech'ya [Influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the hydrophilic flora of aquatic ecosystems in the southern part of the Ob-Irtysh interfluve]. Sibirskiy ekologicheskiy zhurnal [Siberian Ecological Journal], vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 533-542, EDN: MVKBAF. (In Russian).
5. Kontorovich I.I., 2006. Drenazhnye vody s orositel'nykh sistem Volgogradskoy oblasti [Drainage waters from irrigation systems of the Volgograd region]. Plodorodie [Fertility], no. 6(33), pp. 31-32, EDN: HVVTZV. (In Russian).
6. Shevchenko V.A., Gubin V.K., Kudryavtseva L.V., Alipichev A.Yu., 2020. New technical solutions for the development of drainage-irrigation systems for non-chernozem zone of Russia. Agricultural Engineering, no. 5(99), pp. 32-37, DOI: 10.26897/2687-1149-2020-5-32-37, EDN: CIRRSC.
7. Kireycheva L.V., 2018. Drenazhnye vody kak al'ternativnye vodnye resursy dlya orosheniya [Drainage flow as an alternative water resources for irrigation]. Melioratsiya i vodnoe khozyaystvo [Land Reclamation and Water Management], no. 4, pp. 13-18, EDN: XYTKNN. (In Russian).
8. Drovovozova T.I., Krasovskaya N.N., 2023. Problemy po ustanovleniyu sostava programmy nablyudeniy po gidrokhimicheskim pokazatelyam drenazhnykh vod s oroshaemykh zemel' [Problems in establishing the composition of the observation program for hydrochemical indicators of drainage waters from irrigated lands]. Melioratsiya i vodnoe khozyaystvo [Land Reclamation and Water Management], no. 4, pp. 19-23, DOI: 10.32962/0235-2524-2023-4-19-23, EDN: ZOFPFQ. (In Russian).
9. Drovovozova T.I., Vlasov M.V., Manzhina S.A., 2023. Otsenka kachestva drenazhnykh vod s orositel'nykh sistem Sibirskogo federal'nogo okruga [Assessment of drainage water quality from irrigation systems of the Siberian Federal District]. Puti povysheniya effektivnosti oroshaemogo zemledeliya [Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture], no. 2(90), pp. 113-120, EDN: QSWTUP. (In Russian).
10. Vlasov M.V., Kupriyanova S.V., 2023. [On issue of assessing the drainage water quality from irrigated lands in the south of Rostov region]. Puti povysheniya effektivnosti oroshaemogo zemledeliya, vol. 91, no. 3, pp. 322-331, available: https:www.rosniipm-sm1.ru/article?n=259 [assessed 15.02.2024], EDN: FYNYQL. (In Russian).
