Purpose: to study the effect of mineral and organic fertilizers on grain maize productivity under drip irrigation.
Materials and methods. The research was carried out in 2023 at the experimental plots of the Biryuchekutsk vegetable breeding experimental station, located in Rostov region. Experiment scheme: option 1 – N₂₄₀P₁₂₀K₁₇₀ (application rate of mineral fertilizers calculated for the planned yield of 10 t/ha (control)); option 2 – N₁₉₀P₁₀₀K₁₂₀ + 10 t of manure + 15 t of green manure; option 3 – N₁₉₀P₁₀₀K₁₂₀ + 20 t of manure; option 4 – N₁₉₀P₁₀₀K₁₂₀ + 30 t of green manure. Soil moisture was maintained at 70 % of the lowest moisture capacity in all experimental variants. The soil is ordinary chernozem.
Results. It was determined that the largest leaf-area duration and grain maize linear growth were obtained in option 2 in the milky-waxy ripeness phase, these indicators amount to 74.61 thou sq. m/ha and 220.43 cm, which exceeds the control variant by 4.68 thou sq. m/ha and 3.3 cm, respectively. In option 3 with the mineral fertilizers and 20 t of manure application, these figures correspond to 73.55 thou sq. m/ha and 219.81 cm, which exceeded the data of the control variant by 5.18 and 1.23 %. In option 4 with the mineral fertilizers and 30 t of green manure application, 71.24 thou sq. m/ha and 218.64 cm were obtained according to these indicators, which is 1.87 and 0.7 % higher than the control. The largest weight of corn grain was obtained in option 2 – 13.87 t/ha, which is 4.2 t/ha more than the control. In options 3 and 4, the grain weight corresponds to 13.15 and 12.67 t/ha, which is 33.5 and 28.63 % more than the control option, respectively.
Conclusions: based on field studies, it was determined that the joint application of mineral and organic fertilizers, green manures in optimal rates with drip irrigation provided the best formation of leaf-area duration, plant linear growth and corn grain weight.
mineral and organic fertilizers, grain maize, linear growth, yield, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Monastyrskiy V. A., Tishchenko Ya. S. The influence of mineral and organic fertilizers on grain maize productivity under drip irrigation. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2024;93(2):141–152. (In Russ.).
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