Purpose: to study the influence of mineral fertilizer rates calculated for the planned yield, on cotton development and productivity under irrigation in Rostov region.
Materials and methods. Field studies were carried out on chernozem soils in 2022–2023. The experimental design included four options with the mineral fertilizer application calculated for the planned yield: 1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 4.0 t/ha, and option without fertilizers (control). The experiments were carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods, taking into account zonal features.
Results. It was found that the greatest height of 106.6 and 104.2 cm by the ripening phase was found in the options with the mineral fertilizer application, designed for a planned yield of 4.0 and 3.0 t/ha, respectively. The plants in the control are the lowest – 75.9 cm. During the ripening phase, the leaf-area duration in options with a planned yield of 3.0 and 4.0 t/ha reached 24.6 and 25.8 thousand square meters/ha, which exceeded the control option by 8.5 and 9.7 thousand square meters/ha, respectively. When determining the plant dry mass by the ripening phase, the same trend was observed – the best option with a planned yield of 4.0 t/ha with the accumulation of dry plant biomass of 6.79 t/ha and the least effective option without fertilizers – 4.29 t/ha.
Conclusions: as a result of the research, it was determined that the mineral fertilizer application to the planned harvest of raw cotton of 3.0 t/ha with an average rate of N₁₄₅P₄₅K₁₅ on ordinary chernozems of Rostov region under irrigated conditions ensured the highest yield of 11.4 q/ha and the maximum increase from fertilizers is 5.4 q/ha.
cotton, mineral fertilizers, irrigation, productivity, dry biomass, leaf-area duration
Yurkova R. Ye., Selitskiy S. A., Babichev A. N., Nedotsukova Ju. I. The influence of mineral fertilizers on cotton development under irrigation. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2024;93(2):264–276. (In Russ.).
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