THE INFLUENCE OF SOWING DATES ON COTTON DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD ON IRRIGATED LANDS

Authors:Yurkova Rita Ye., Selitskiy Sergey A., Andreeva Tatyana P.

633.511:631.67
Theme: Land reclamation, water management and agrophysics
Views: 615

Annotation

Purpose: to study the effect of sowing time on the PGSSKH 1 cotton variety development and yield under irrigation.

Materials and methods: field studies were carried out on chernozem soils of Rostov region according to the experimental scheme, including the following options: 1. Sowing at a soil temperature of 10 °C; 2. Sowing at a soil temperature of 15 °C (control); 3. Sowing at a soil temperature of 20 °C. The experiments were carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods, taking into account zonal features.

Results: it was found that when sowing at a temperature of 10 °C, the number of cotton seedlings in 2022 and 2023 was 13 % and 29 % less than in the control, respectively. By the ripening phase, the highest plant height was determined in variant 3, when sowing was carried out at a soil temperature of 20 °C – 108 cm. Sowing at low soil temperatures (10 °C) showed a difference with the control in the ripening phase of 5.49 thousand sq. m/ha in 2022 and 4.21 thousand sq. m/ha in 2023. It was found that by the ripening phase in 2023, more dry aboveground plant biomass had accumulated in all variants than in 2022. The difference was 0.87 t/ha in variant 1, 1.56 t/ha in variant 2, and 1.82 t/ha in variant 3. Sowing at a soil temperature of 10 °C in 2022 and 2023 showed the lowest yield – 4.4 q/ha and 10.5 q/ha, which is less than the control by 2.5 q/ha and 4.4 q/ha, respectively.

Conclusions: sowing cotton at a soil temperature of 10 °C delayed the development of the crop according to the studied indicators in the agroclimatic conditions of Rostov region in 2022–2023, the most favorable conditions for growth and development are created at sowing when the soil temperature reaches 15 °C and 20 °C.

Keywords

cotton, irrigation, sowing time, yield, dry biomass, leaf surface area

For quoting

Yurkova R. Ye., Selitsky S. A., Andreeva T. P. The influence of sowing dates on cotton development and yield on irrigated lands. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2024;94(3):176–190. (In Russ.).

Authors

R. Ye. Yurkova – Leading Researcher, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, rita6161@list.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8275-5834;

S. A. Selitsky – Senior Researcher, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, ssilja@yandex.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4771-4516;

T. P. Andreeva – Leading Researcher, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, andtap@yandex.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9544-9967.

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