Purpose: to study the systematization of the causes, manifestations and consequences of hydromorphism of soils of irrigated lands, as well as to generalize approaches to its diagnostics and mitigation of the negative impact on agroecosystems. The publications of domestic and foreign authors on the chemistry of submerged soils, marsh and hydromorphic system biogeochemistry, agro-reclamation and irrigation system management were used. The methodological basis of the study was an analytical review of the scientific literature and a comparative analysis of the results obtained in various climatic and agrotechnical conditions.
Discussion. It was established that the main factors in the hydromorphism development are excess water supply and insufficient drainage, which form an anaerobic environment in the soil. This leads to a decrease in the oxidation-reduction potential (Eh), iron and manganese compounds reduction, gley features formation and the toxic compounds accumulation (Fe²⁺, H₂S). Deterioration of soil structure, breakage of micro- and macroaggregates, micronutrient deficiencies, decreased aeration, and slower root growth were observed. Consequences include reduced crop yields, accelerated secondary salinization, and increased greenhouse gas emissions.
Conclusions: The effective prevention and mitigation of hydromorphism is possible through a combination of engineering, agronomic, biological, and organizational-economic measures. The integration of these measures helps reduce the negative impacts of hydromorphism and maintain the sustainable fertility of irrigated lands.
soil hydromorphism, irrigated lands, drainage, oxidation-reduction processes, gley formation, fertility, salinization
Jabbarov Z. A., Djalilova G. T., Abdrakhmanov T., Abdullaev Sh. Z., Abdukarimov J. J. Soil hydromorphism in irrigated lands: causes, manifestations and consequences. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2025;97(3):46–59. (In Russ.).
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