Purpose: to study the impact of resource-saving irrigation technology on rice productivity and water consumption.
Materials and methods. Field studies on the implementation of water-saving irrigation technologies in rice cultivation were conducted in the Nukus district of the Republic of Karakalpakstan in 2022–2023. The Gulistan variety was used for rice crops. Rice was grown using the traditional method – flooding and drip irrigation. The field studies included phenological observations and biometric measurements of rice growth and development in accordance with the requirements of approved national rice cultivation methods. Statistical analysis of rice yield data was conducted using the method of B. A. Dospekhov.
Results. Based on the optimal irrigation regimes for the region's soil and climatic conditions and the determination for the use of drip irrigation technologies in rice cultivation, field and laboratory studies were conducted on the mechanical soil composition, salinity levels, and mineralization of collector and layer waters, as well as experimental variants of rice cultivation using water-saving technologies. Conclusions. The seasonal irrigation rate with the traditional irrigation method was the highest and amounted to 20,465 m³/ha, with drip irrigation every other day it was 12,776 m³/ha, and with daily irrigation – 15,062 m³/ha. To produce 1 centner of rice with the traditional cultivation technology, 427 m³ was required, with drip irrigation – 351–365 m³. In the control variant, irrigated with conventional methods, the rice yield was 51.4 centners per hectare, while in the variants with drip irrigation, it was 34.7–40.1 centners per hectare.
rice, technology, drip irrigation, irrigation rate, regime, water consumption, yield
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