Purpose: to determine the influence of mineral fertilizer rates (MFR), calculated for the planned sugar beet yield, on the growth, development and productivity during its cultivation on ordinary chernozem under irrigation.
Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted on ordinary chernozem medium loamy in the Rostov region in 2025 according to a scheme including four variants with the mineral fertilizers application at the calculated rate for the planned yield of 80, 100, 120, 140 t/ha and a control variant without fertilizers. The experiments included phenological and biometric observations according to generally accepted field experimental methods and statistical data processing.
Results. It was found that the fertilizer application ensured better plant survival, which amounted to 87.5–90.7 % versus 81.4 % when cultivated without fertilizers. The highest linear growth was observed in the variant with the MF application for the planned yield of 140 t/ha at the leaf opening phase – 70.2 cm. The maximum value of the leaf surface area was observed in the same variant at the leaf closing phase in the row spacings and reached 73.66 thousand sq. m/ha. The maximum weight of root crops was observed at the biological maturity phase in the variants with the MF application for the planned yield of 120 and 140 t/ha – 1365.9 and 1533.2 g, respectively.
Conclusions. The application of mineral fertilizers at the rates according to the experimental design ensured an increase in the root crop yield from 95.2 to 133.4 t/ha, while the increase from fertilizers was 83.1–156.5 %. The lowest sugar content in root crops was observed in the unfertilized variant – 17.4 %, while the highest was observed with fertilizer application at a planned yield of 120 t/ha. Sugar yields ranged from 16.95 to 24.95 t/ha in variants with fertilizers.
sugar beet, mineral fertilizers, sugar content, yield, root crop, nutrients, technology
Selitsky S. A., Yurkova R. Ye. The influence of mineral fertilizers on sugar beet growth, development and yield when grown on irrigated lands in the Rostov region. Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture. 2026;98(1):145–158. (In Russ.).
1. Shchegolikhina T.A., 2021. Rol' mineral'nykh udobreniy pri vozdelyvanii sakharnoy svekly [The role of mineral fertilizers in the sugar beet cultivation]. Rol' vuzovskoy nauki v razvitii agropromyshlennogo kompleksa: materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakt. konferentsii [The Role of University Science in the Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex: Proceed of the International Scientific-Practical Conference]. Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy, pp. 229-231, EDN: MMNTEF. (In Russian).
2. Logvinov A.V., Shevchenko A.G., Koshkin S.S. [et al.], 2022. Primenenie udobreniy i vynos elementov pitaniya matochnoy sakharnoy svekloy letnikh posevov na oroshenii [Application of fertilizers and the removal of nutrients by mother sugar beet of summer crops under irrigation]. Sakharnaya Svekla [Sugar Beet], no. 10, pp. 20-24, DOI: 10.25802/SB.2022.23.17.003, EDN: DCCYFG. (In Russian).
3. Kutanova E.A., 2022. Vliyanie razlichnykh doz mineral'nykh udobreniy na urozhaynost' sakharnoy svekly [The effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield of sugar beet]. Nauka i obrazovanie [Science and Education], vol. 5, no. 2, EDN: GKLEOH. (In Russian).
4. Smolsky E.V., Serchenkov A.A., Nechaev M.M., 2023. Znachenie pochvenno-klimaticheskikh usloviy i udobreniya v formirovanii urozhaya sakharnoy svekly [The importance of soil and climatic conditions and fertilizers in sugar beet yield formation]. Sakharnaya svekla [Sugar Beet], no. 7, pp. 19-22, DOI 10.25802/SB.2023.11.43.003, EDN: PYMQUP. (In Russian).
5. Wang L., Song B., Ishfaq M., Zhao X., 2025. Optimization of nitrogen fertilizer application enhanced sugar beet productivity and socio-ecological benefits in China: A meta-analysis. Soil and Tillage Research, vol. 251, article number: 106547, DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2025.106547.
6. Minakova O.A., Kosyakin P.A., Aleksandrova L.V., 2022. Udobrenie sakharnoy svekly v tsentral'no-chernozemnom rayone RF [Sugar beet fertilizing in the Central Black-Earth Region of the Russian Federation]. Agrokhimiya [Agrochemistry], no. 1, pp. 10-20, DOI 10.31857/S0002188122010082, EDN: UYJKGL. (In Russian).
7. Nevzorov A.I., Ar'kova Zh.A., Kruglov N.M., 2020. Vliyanie razlichnogo urovnya mineral'nogo pitaniya na urozhaynost' sakharnoy svekly v Tambovskoy oblasti [Influence of different levels of mineral nutrition on yield of beet in the Tambov region]. Tekhnologii pishchevoy i pererabatyvayushchey promyshlennosti APK – produkty zdorovogo pitaniya [Technologies of the Food and Processing Industry of the Agro-Industrial Complex – Healthy Food Products], no. 3, pp. 114-119, EDN: MCSFRZ. (In Russian).
8. Stolpovsky Yu.I., Bashkanov V.S., 2021. Vliyanie mnogoletnego primeneniya razlichnykh doz udobreniy na pitatel'nyy rezhim chernozema vyshchelochennogo i urozhaynost' sakharnoy svekly [The influence of long-term use of different doses of fertilizers on the nutrient regime of leached chernozem and sugar beet yield]. Agroekologicheskiy vestnik: mat. mezhdunaronoy naucho-prakt. konferentsii [Agroecological Bulletin: Proceed. of the International Scientific Practical Conference]. Voronezh, Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter I, pp. 120-125, EDN: CSORPO. (In Russian).
9. Nechaev M.M., 2022. Vliyanie udobreniya na urozhaynost' sakharnoy svekly v usloviyakh serykh lesnykh pochv [Effect of fertilizers on sugar beet yield in gray forest soils]. Sovremennye tendentsii razvitiya agrarnoy nauki: sb. nauch. tr. mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakt. konferentsii [Modern Trends in the Agricultural Science Development: Coll. sci. trac. of the International Scientific Practical Conference]. Bryansk, Part 1, Bryansk State Agrarian University, pp. 445-448, EDN: JWUNSG. (In Russian).
10. Serchenkov A.A., Nechaev M.M., 2025. Udobreniya kak faktor raskrytiya potentsiala urozhaynosti korneplodov sakharnoy svekly v izmenyayushchikhsya usloviyakh severnoy chasti Bryanskoy oblasti [Fertilizers as a factor in unlocking the yield potential of sugar beet roots in the changing conditions of the northern part of the Bryansk region]. Politematicheskiy setevoy elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal Kubanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta [Polythematic Online Scientific Journal of Kuban State Agrarian University], no. 211, pp. 562-571, DOI: 10.21515/1990-4665-211-045, EDN: IDXFCK. (In Russian).
11. Kalinin O.S. Kravchenko R.V., 2022. Vliyanie osnovnoy obrabotki pochvy i mineral'nykh udobreniy na agrobiologicheskie pokazateli sakharnoy svekly [Influence of basic tillage and mineral fertilizers on agrobiological indicators of sugar beet]. Politematicheskiy setevoy elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal Kubanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta [Polythematic Online Scientific Journal of Kuban State Agrarian University], no. 175, pp. 101-118, DOI: 10.21515/1990-4665-175-009, EDN: TCVLHE. (In Russian).
12. Satunkin I.V., Gulyaev A.I., 2013. Rezhim mineral'nogo pitaniya sakharnoy svekly v zavisimosti ot glubiny osnovnoy obrabotki i urovnya uvlazhneniya chernozema yuzhnogo [Mineral nutrition of sugar beet depending on the depth of basic tillage and the level of moisture in southern chernozem]. Plodorodie [Fertility], no. 1(70), pp. 40-41, EDN: PWVBWX. (In Russian).
13. Nabzdorov S.V., 2022. Vliyanie rezhimov orosheniya i doz udobreniy na urozhaynost' sakharnoy svekly, sakharistost' korneplodov i sbor ochishchennogo sakhara [Influence of irrigation and fertilizer doses on yield, sugar content and collection of refined sugar of sugar beet]. Melioratsiya [Land Reclamation], no. 3(101), pp. 13-18, EDN: PDIFLX. (In Russian).
14. Podrezov P.I., Myazin N.G., Kozhokina A.N., 2021. Vliyanie mnogoletnego vneseniya udobreniy na urozhaynost' i kachestvo urozhaya sakharnoy svekly, vyrashchivaemoy na chernozeme tipichnom [Long-term application of fertilizers and its impact on crop productivity and quality of yield of sugar beet cultivated on typical chernozem]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta [Bullet. of Voronezh State Agrarian University], vol. 14, no. 4(71), pp. 49-57, DOI: 10.53914/issn2071-2243_2021_4_49, EDN: KBPLRA. (In Russian).
15. Monastyrsky V.A., Babichev A.N., Olgarenko V.I., 2018. Algoritm planirovaniya i programma rascheta doz udobreniy dlya tochnogo zemledeliya [Planning algorithm and calculation program dose fertilizers for exact farming]. Resursosberezhenye i adaptivnost' v tekhnolo-
giyakh vozdelyvaniya sel'skokhozyaystvennykh kul'tur i pererabotki produktsii rastenievodstva: mat. mezhdunar. nauchno-prakt. konferentsii [Resource Conservation and Adaptability in Crop Cultivation Technologies and Processing of Plant Products: Proceed. of the International Scientific-Practical Conference]. Persianovsky settlement, pp. 48-52. (In Russian).
16. Monastyrsky V.A., Babichev A.N., Olgarenko V.I., 2019. Algoritm rascheta doz vneseniya mineral'nykh udobreniy v pretsizionnom zemledelii [The calculation algorithm for rate of fertilizer application in precision farming]. Nauchnyy zhurnal Rossiyskogo NII problem melioratsii [Scientific Journal of the Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems], no. 1(33), pp. 26-38, DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2019-1-26-38, EDN: VVQTYI. (In Russian).
